Tenonxng-machine



L. OLSEN.

TENONING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 001*. 21, 1912.

Patented Dec. 30, 1913.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

F y L W/TIVESSES: INVENTO/i' g S .Zwre'nce Olsen,

COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH cu., wAsmMcTcN. n, e,

L. OLSEN.

TENONING MACHINE.

, APPLICATION FILED oqw. 21, 1912. 1,082,760. Patented Dec. 30, 1913.

F 4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

2'0 77 w P F42 i J W/T/VESSES: I g6 M l/VVE/I/TUR COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH CO.,WASHINGTDN. D. c.

L. OLSEN.

TENONING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 00m. 21, 1912.

1,082,760. Patented Dec. 30, 1913.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

L. OLSEN.

TENONING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 001'. 21, 1912.

Patented D60. 30, 1913.

4 SHEBTSTSHIEET 4.

mvsfimk Lawrence Olsen,

u RIVEY.

COLUMBIA PLANGGRAPH co.. WASHINGTON, n. c.

LAWRENCE OLSEN, ,OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

TENONING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 30, 1913.

Application filed October 21, 1912. Serial No. 726,862.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LAWRENCE OLSEN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Tenoning-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to machines for tenoning the ends of wheel spokes and analogous devices.

Prior to my invention, machines for tenoning the ends of wheel spokes have operated to cut the spoke and produce the tenon and leave at the base of the tenon a shoulder, the face of which occupied a plane at right angles to the axis of the tenon; therefore, when the tenon was inserted into a mortise in the wheel felly the face of the shoulder did not fit the inner curved face of the felly but only engaged the folly at the edge of the shoulder, leaving a space between the face of the shoulder and the face of the felly.

The object of my invention is to provide a tenoning machine of novel, simple and efficient construct-ion, having provision whereby a tenon may be cut and a shoulder produced at the base of the tenon, the face of the shoulder being curved from a plane at right angles to the axis of the tenon to fit the correspondingly curved face of the part into which the tenon is to be inserted.

The invention consists in the novel construction and combinations of parts herein after fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating my invention: Figure 1, is a plan of a tenoning machine embodying my invention. Fig. 2, is a side elevation of the machine. Fig. 3, is a side elevation of the cutting head and adjuncts, enlarged. Fig. 4:, is a longitudinal section, on line l4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5, is a transverse section, on line 5-5 of Fig. 8. Fig. 6, is a view of the outer end of the cutting head. Fig. 7, is a detail, in section, of one of the ball-and-socket connections, on line 77 of Fig. 3. Fig. 8, is a section through one of the knives and a part of the cutting head, on line 88 of Fig. 6. Fig. 9, is a detail, in plan, of parts of the operating device for the cam collar. Fig. 10, is a detail, showing the cam collar and its operating lever. Fig. 11, is a side view of the end of a wheel spoke tenoned by my improved machine. Fig. 12, is a View similar to Fig. 9 after giving the spoke a quarter turn.

Referring to the drawings, 2 designates the frame of the machine and 3 a horizontal shaft mounted to rotate and to slide longitudinally in bearings 6 on the frame One end of the shaft 3 is provided with a cutter head 8 and the other end of the shaft 3 is rotatably connected to one end of an arm 9. The other end of the arm 9 is connected to one end of a shaft 10 extending parallel to the shaft 3 and having a head 10 on its other end pivoted to a hand lever 11. The lever 11 is fulcrumed at 12 on an arm 13 which extendsfrom and is pivoted to a part of the main frame. It will be observed that the parts just described are constructed and arranged so that by moving the hand lever 11 back and forth, the shafts 3 and, 10 may be moved longitudinally back and forth. The shaft 3 is driven by a suitable belt 14 passing around a pulley 15 and the pulley 15 is splined on the shaft 3 to permit longitudinal movement of the shaft 3 withrespect to the pulley 15 during the rotation thereof.

The frame 2 is provided with an extension 16 carrying a horizontally-arranged clamping head 17 which is rotatably mounted in the extension 16. This head 17 is adapted to receive a wheel hub having radiating spokes the outer ends of which are to be tenoned. The head 17 supports the hub and spokes in such relation to the cutter head that by turning the head 17, the spokes to be tenoned may be brought successively into axial alinement with the cutter head 8, as is common and well known in machines of this character.

The cutter head 8 is made in two halves 18 and 19 having adjoining faces on the line l4c of Fig. 3; and the two halves are secured together by suitable bolts 20. The inner end of the head 8 is provided with an internally-threaded hub 21 which is screwed on to a reduced end of the shaft 3 and secured thereto. The outer end of the head 8 is provided with an axial opening 22 having a bushing 23 therein to receive the tenon; and the outer end of the head is also provided with two cutter blocks 24 and 25. These blocks have adjoining faces which are slidably engaged with each other, on the line 4% of Fig. 3, and the blocks have an opening 26 formed between them in alinement with the opening 22 to receive the tending tl'irough slots 30 in the knives.

tenon. Each block 21 and 25 is provided with two cutting knives 2? having cutting edges 28 and 28 as shown. The knives are arranged around the opening 26, as clearly shown in Fig. 6, and in such manner that, as the rotating cutter head 8 is moved toward the outer end of it spoke, the knives 2'? will cut away the outer portion of the outer end of the spoke and produce a central tenon which enters the openings 26 and 22 during the cutting operation. The longitudinal edges of the knives 27 are fitted to guideways in the blocks 24; and 25, and the knives are secured in place by screws 29 exy loosening the nuts. on the screws 29 the knives 27 may he longitudinally adjustable with respect to the opening 26. The blocks 24 and 25 are provided with suitable open lugs 31 through which chips from the knives may be discharged from the head 8.

The outer portions of the blocks 24- and 25 are provided with pivot studs 32 and 33 having their axes arranged on a line passing through the axis of the head 8 at right angles to the plane of the engaged faces of the blocks as and 25. The studs 32 and 33 extend into openings in extensions as and on the parts 18 and 19, respectively, of the head 8. The blocks 24 and 25 are thus pivoted to the head 8 in a manner to permit them to be independentlyrocked about the axes of their pivot studs to vary the angles of the cutting edges 28 with relation to the axis of the head 8, for a purpose hereinafter explained. To steady the blocks 24: and 25 on their pivot studs I provide each block with a sector-like extension 36 which is fitted to and works in a socket 37 in the head 8.

As a means to rock the blocks 24 and 25 on their pivot studs, during the rotation of the head 8, I provide the following: Connected to the respective ends of the block 2 1 by ball-and-soclret joints ll and 12 are the outer ends of arms 4-3 and a l, the inner ends of which are pivoted to arms 4.5 and 46 extending from shafts 17 and 48. respectively. The shafts at? and 18 extend parallel to each other centrally through and beyond the head 8 in which they are mounted to turn. Located within an opening in the head 8 are coacting, toothed sectors 49 and 50 extending from the shafts 17 and 18, respectively, whereby the shafts L7 and 48 may be simultaneously rocked in opposite directions to each other, thereby causing the arms a3 and 1 1 to rock the block 2 1 on its pivot stud 32.

Connected to the respective ends of the block 25 by ball-and-socket joints 51 and 52 are the outer ends of arms 53 and 54., the inner ends of which are pivoted to arms 55 and 56 extending from the shafts l7 and 48, respectively, whereby, when the shafts 17 and 48 are operated to rock the block 24L in one direction, the block 25 will be rocked in the opposite direction on its pivot stud 33.

Extending from the respective ends of the shaft 48 are arms 57 and 58 which are connected by balland-soclret joints 59 and 60 to arms 61 and 62 which are connected by ball and-soclzet joints 63 and 64. to the outer ends of levers 65 and 66, respectively. The levers 65 and 66 are fulcrumed, at 67 and 68, on projections 69 and 70, respectively, on the head 8. The inner ends of the levers 65 and 66 are provided with rollers 71 and 72 which are adapted to engage eccentric cam portions 7 3 and 74, respectively, of a cam collar 75.

The cam collar 7 5 is mounted to slide longitudinally upon the hub 21 of the head 8,

and the collar 7 5 is prevented from turning about the axis of the hub 21 by an arm 38 projecting from the collar 75 and movably fitted into an opening in an arm 76 projecting fixedly from the pivotpin 89 which connects the lever 11 to the shaft 10. The

inner end of the arm 7 6 embraces the hub 21 of the cutter head 8 and is provided with projecting pins 40 which enter slots in projections 7 7 on a ring 7 8 which is adjustably secured to the cam collar 75, whereby, when the pin 39 is turned, the cam collar will be moved longitudinally of the hub 21.

Secured to and projecting from the pivot pin 39 is an arm 87 which is arranged above the shaft 10 and lever 11. The outer end of this arm 87 is provided with a projection 88 which extends concentric to the pin 39 and through a boss on the head 10 of the shaft 10. Surrounding the projection 88 are two stop collars 9d and 95 one on one side and one on the other side of the boss 89. These collars 94 and 95 are adjustably secured to the projection 88 by means of set screws and the collars 9 1 and 95 are adapted to engage the boss 89 and limit the movement of the arm 87 in either direction, thereby limiting the movement of the pivot pin 39, arm 7 6 and cam collar 75. The stop collar 94 is held normally against the boss 89 to hold the cam collar normally in the position shown in the drawings, by a spring 96 one end of which is secured to the head 10 and the other end of which'bears against the arm 87, as clearly shown in Fig. 9. The arm 87 is connected by a link 80 to the projecting arm 81 of a thumb lever 82 which is fulcrumecl, at 83 on the lever 11. The thumb lever 82 is arranged adjacent a handle 8% on the outer end of the lever 11 whereby the lever 82 may be conveniently operated to move the arm 87 and cause it to move the collar 75 longitudinally of the hub 21 while the lever 11 is being operated to move the cutter head 8.

The rollers 71 and 72 roll normally 1 against concentric portions 85 and 86 of the cam collar 75, and when the collar is moved in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 3, the roller 71 rides outwardly and the roller 72 rides inwardly against the cam por- 5 tions 73 and 74, respectively,-the cam portions being leveled, as shown in Fig. 3. The cam portions 73 and 74 are formed so that when they engage the rollers 71 and 72 the roller 71 will move outwardly as the roller 72 moves inwardly, and the converse, thereby firmly holding the shaft 48 and causing it to rock under the influence of the cam portions 73 and 74 as the head 8 rotates. As the shaft 48 is thus rocked, the blocks 24 and 25 will be oppositely rocked, as previously explained. As the collar 7 5 is moved slowly upon the hub 21 in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 3, the rollers 71 and 72 will give slight rocking motions to the blocks 24 and 25 when the cam portions 73 and 7 a first engage the rollers, and, as the collar 75 continues its movement, the rocking motions will be correspondingly increased for a purpose presently appearing.

The operation of the machine is as follows: The wheel hub with the spokes to be tenoned is clamped upon the head 17 and the head is turned to bring one of the spokes into alinement with the cutter head 8. The lever 11 is then operated to move the rotating cutter head 8 toward the spoke. During such movement the rollers 7 1 and 72 engage the concentric portions 85 and 86 of the cam collar 75 and hold the blocks 24 and 25 in the positions shown with their outer faces flush with each other and the cutting edges 28 and 28 of the knives in the same plane at right-angles and transversely to the axis of the head 8, and the knives 27 cut away t0 the outer portion of the spoke 90, as shown by the dotted lines- 91 in Fig. 11, and produce the tenon 92. After the head 8 has been advanced by the lever 11 to cut the main body of the-tenon 92, and it is desired L5 to produce the shoulder 93 at the base of the tenon, as shown in Figs. 11 and 12 and in accordance with the object of my invention hereinbefore set forth, the thumb lever 82 is gradually moved toward the lever 11,

'0 thereby rocking the blocks 24 and 25, as

previously explained, and causing the cutting edges 28 of the knives to assume different angles with relation to the axis of rotation of the cutter head 8 and to gradually 5 vary the contour of the face of the shoulder 93 from a plane at right angles to the axis of the tenon until it assumes the contour shown in Figs. 11 and 12, the cutting edges 28 of the knives following the contour of 0 the face of the shoulder 93, under the in fluence of the cam portions 73 and 74 as the tenon is completed. After the tenon is completed the cutter head 8 and the cam collar 7 5 are moved back to the positions shown in 5 the drawings for a succeeding tenon cutting operation, after the head 17 is turned to bring the next succeeding spoke into alinement with the cutter head 8.

When it is desired to vary the face of the shoulder 93 for wheels of different diameters the stop collar 95 may be adjusted on the projection 88 to vary the extent to which the cam collar 75 may be moved and thereby vary the shoulder 93 produced during the cutting operation.

I claim- 1. In a tenoning machine, the combination of a rotatable cutter head, a cutting knife carried by the head, having a cutting edge arranged on a line parallel to a plane intersected by and extending at right angles to the axis of rotation of said head, and means for changing the angle of said edge with relation to the axis of rotation of the head during the rotation of the latter.

2. In a tenoning machine, the combination of a rotatable cutter head, a movable block pivoted on the head on an axis extending at right angles to the axis of rotation of said head, a cutting knife carried by the block, and means for moving the block relatively to the head during the rotation of the latter.

3. In a tenoning machine, the combination of a rotatable cutter head, a pair of movable blocks pivoted on the head on an axis extending at right angles to the axis of rotation of said head, cutting knives carried by the blocks, and means for moving the blocks relatively to each other and to the head during the rotation of the latter.

4. In a tenoning machine, the combination of a rotatable cutter head, a pair of blocks pivoted to the head and having adjacent faces slidably engaged with each other, the axis of the pivot intersecting the plane of the engaged faces, cutting knives carried by the blocks, and means for moving the blocks relatively to each other and to the head during the rotation of the latter.

5. In a tenoning machine, the combination of a rotatable cutter head, a block pivoted to the head on an axis extending at right angles to the axis of rotation of said head, a cutting knife carried by the block, a rocking shaft carried by the head, an arm extending from the shaft and connected to the block and means for rocking said shaft during the rotation of the head.

6. In a tenoning machine, the combination of a rotatable cutter head, a block pivoted to the head, a cutting knife carried by the block, a pair of rocking shafts carried by the head, an arm extending from one shaft and connected to one side of the block, an arm extending from the other shaft and connected to the other side of the block, and means for rocking said shafts during the rotation of the head.

7 In a tenoning machine, the combination of a rotatable cutter head, a block pivoted to the head on an axis extending at right ting knife carried by the block, acam, and

means operated by the camfor moving the block on its pivot during; the rotation of the head.

9. In a tenoninp; machine,"the combination of a rotatable cutter head, a block pivoted to the head on an axis extending at right angles to the axis of rotation of said head, a. cutting knife carried by the block, a cam movable longitudinally of the axis of rotation of the head into and out of operative position, and means operated by the cam for moving the block on its pivot during the rotation of the head. v

10. In a tenoniny: machine, the combination of a rotatable cutter head, a block pivoted to the head, a cutting knife carried by the block, a pair of rocking shafts carried bythe head, an arm extendingfrom one.

shaft and connected to one side of the block,

an arm extending; from the other shaft and connected to the other side of the block, means com'lectinn said shafts and causing them to be simultaneously rocked in oppo site directions to each other, a cam, and

means operated by the cam for rocking one of said shafts.

11. In a tenrming machine, the combina tion of a rotatable cutter head, a block pivoted to the head, a cutting knife carried by the block, a pair of rocking shafts carried by the head, an arm extending from one shaft and connected to one side of the block, an arm extending from the other shaft and connected to the other side of the block, means connecting said shafts and causing them to be simultaneously rocked in opposite directions to each other, a cam movable longitudinally of the axis of rotation of the head into and out of operative position, and means operated by the cam for rocking; one of said shafts.

12. In a. tenoning machine, the combinationof a rotatable cutter head, a block pivoted to the head, a cutting knife carried by the block, a pair of rocking shafts carried by thehead, an arm extending from one shaft and connected to one side of the block,v

an arm extending from the other shaft and connected to the other side of the block, means coimectlnp; said shafts and causing them to be simultaneously rocked 1n opposite directions to each other, a cam, a second arm extending from one of said shafts, a lever connected to said second arm, and a cam arranged to rock said lever during the rotation of said head.

13. In a tenoningmachine, the combination of a rotatable cutter head, a block pivo-ted to the head on an axis extending at right angles to the axis of rotation of said head, a cutting knife carried by the block, a cam, movable with said head longitudinally of its axis of rotation and movable relatively to said head into and out of operative position, and means operated by the cam for moving the block on its pivot during the rotation of the head. i

i In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

- LAWRENCE OLSEN. i'Vitnesses: a

s. I. new, A. V. Gnonrn Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, I). G. 

